Definition and features of Management

Management and it's features

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Definition of Management

Management refers to the process of using organizational resources to achieve an organizational goal effectively and efficiently through the function of planning, organizing, leading and controlling.
According to Mary Parker Follet, “It is an art of getting things done through others in order to achieve an organizational goal.” It is an activity of communicating, decision making, maintaining inter-personal relation through various process working as a group for the disciplinary and continuation.

Features of management 

Following are the various features of Management :

a.    Goal oriented

Management is a means to achieve predetermined goals. All managerial activities are systematically derived in the accomplishment of such goals. It’s motive is to mobilize all the resources, men, material, money and machine with a view to achieve goal within limited resources.

b.    Universal activity

Management is required in all types of organization of the world like business, social, educational, political, medical, etc. It helps to complete the work. The process of management may be different but principles are same.

c.    Social process

Management is social process because it is done in society through people. It utilizes human resources to achieve an organizational goal. It fulfills needs of employees and customers through production. So, it helps to achieve social objective that’s why it is a social process.

d.    Dynamic / Flexible activity

Management adapts itself in an everchanging environment and also introduces innovation in methodology. It should develop new ideas, technology, knowledge, skills, etc. The system and methods of management should be flexible in order to adjust with changing environment.

e.    Group activity

Management is concerned with group efforts. When there is group effort , management is always applicable. It clearly defines the authority, responsibility, accountability, procedures for the completion of predetermined work. A group can easily attain the organizational goal.

f.    Distinct process

Management is a distinct process of planning, organizing, leading and controlling. It never considers trial and error process. It involves various types of functions for the use of human and other resources to accomplish an organizational goal.

g.    Science and art

Management is a science because it has developed certain principles that are of universal application. It is also an art because the result of management depend upon the personal skill of managers. The art of managers is essential to make the best use of management sciences. Hence, it is both science and art.

h.    Multi – Disciplinary in nature

Management is multi – disciplinary because management principles and techniques are used in various fields like psychology, sociology, economics, science, statistics, etc. Management integrates the ideas and concepts taken from other disciplines and uses them in managing the organization.